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Key information
Bobby Locke became the first South African winner, winning three times in four years between and , and later winning a fourth title in Having already won the Masters and the U. Open earlier in the year, Ben Hogan won in his one and only Open appearance in to win the "Triple Crown". These rivalries enormously increased the public's interest in golf, but the first world war meant another Open was not held until , and none of the trio won another Open.
Because no trophy was available, the tournament was not held in They decided that each of the three clubs would contribute £10 towards the cost of a new trophy, which was to be a silver claret jug , known officially as The Golf Champion Trophy, and hosting of the Open would be rotated between the three clubs. Between and the tournament either had a cut after 36 holes, or a qualifying event, [20] and the largest field was in The trio combined to win The Open Championship 16 times in the 21 tournaments held between and ; Vardon won six times a record that still stands today with Braid and Taylor winning five apiece.
Later the venue rotated between a select group of coastal links golf courses in the United Kingdom.
The success of the tournament has led to many other open golf tournaments to be introduced around the world. In eleven U. In Walter Hagen won the first of his four Opens, and become the first American-born winner.
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From the tournament was increased in duration to four hole rounds over two days [16] Prestwick had been extended to an hole course by then [19]. The period between and saw an American-based player win every year two were British-born , and included three wins by amateur Bobby Jones , and one by Gene Sarazen , who had already won top tournaments in the United States.
Medals have been given to, and kept by the winner ever since. A year later, it became "open" to amateurs as well as professionals.
In practice, the current event is a professional tournament in which a small number of the world's leading amateurs also play, by invitation or qualification. English players won every year between and , including two wins by Henry Cotton he would go on to win a third in After overcrowding issues at the Open at Prestwick, it was decided it was no longer suitable for the growing size of the event, being too short, having too many blind shots, and it could not cope with the volume of spectators.
In they standardised the format of the tournament to spread over three days 18 holes on day 1 and 2, and 36 on day 3 , and include both qualifying and a cut. Instead, he was awarded with a medal inscribed 'The Golf Champion Trophy', although he is the first to be engraved on the Claret Jug as the winner. Ten professionals and eight amateurs contested the event, with Old Tom Morris winning the championship by 4 shots from Willie Park, Sr.
From onwards a cash prize was also paid to the winner.
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In the five tournaments in this span the Triumvirate did not win, one or more of them finished runner-up. Professionals made a living from playing for bets, caddying, ball and club making, and instruction. Founded in , it was originally held annually at Prestwick Golf Club in Scotland. Since , the United States has dominated the competition, winning 17 out of the last 29 Opens.
The period saw fewer American entrants, as the PGA Tour had grown to be quite lucrative, and the PGA Championship was often played at the same or similar time paying triple the prize money. These decisions were taken too late for the trophy to be presented to the Open champion, who was once again Young Tom Morris. Open , in an attempt to emulate Hogan's feat of winning all three tournaments in a single year.
The first Open Championship was played on 17 October at Prestwick Golf Club in Ayrshire , Scotland , over three rounds of the twelve-hole links course.
The tournament continued to be dominated and won by Scottish professionals, to be rotated between the three Scottish golf courses, and played over 36 holes in a single day until In the s, the tournament was won four times by three Englishman two of whom were amateurs. Since the PGA Championship moved to May in , the Open has been chronologically the fourth and final major tournament of the year.
The first rule of the new golf competition was "The party winning the belt shall always leave the belt with the treasurer of the club until he produces a guarantee to the satisfaction of the above committee that the belt shall be safely kept and laid on the table at the next meeting to compete for it until it becomes the property of the winner by being won three times in succession".
The Open Championship , often referred to as The Open or the British Open , is the oldest golf tournament in the world, and one of the most prestigious. Although he finished second to Kel Nagle , he returned and won the Open in and It is called The Open because it is in theory "open" to all, i. Allan Robertson was the most famous of these pros, and was regarded as the undisputed best golfer between and his death in Blackheath England , Perth , Bruntsfield Edinburgh , Musselburgh and St Andrews golf clubs were invited to send up to three of their best players known as a "respectable caddie" to represent each of the clubs.
The rules stated that he was allowed to keep the belt for achieving this feat. It is held in mid-July.